Abstract:

Fast Fading is by far the larger problem in systems, where moving objects in an enviroment can add a doppler shift to the transmitted frequency, causing distortion, in certain distortion can be so large is causes bit errors. Common causes:

  • People

  • Cars

  • Some clouds

    We can calculate the minimum time required for the magnitude change or phase change of the channel to become uncorrelated from its previous value with Where the Doppler Spread This spreading limits our confidence/ability to determine information within a bit window and therefore defines the coherence time