Path Loss

Abstract

In general we talk about Free Space Path Loss (FSPL), the loss: occured due to the spread of power over distance.

We can try to mitigate FSPL using directional transmitters and receivers, however, this is only viable in fixed systems where we know the directionality of the transmitter when setting up the receiver, or vice versa. In this case we can define FSPL as:

$$FSPL=\frac{P_r}{P_t}={\Phi }_t{\Phi }_r(\frac{\lambda }{4\pi d}{)}^2$$

Where $P$ is the powers of the receiver ${}_r$ and transmitter ${}_t$ and $\Phi$ is the directionality at both.

However, in dynamic systems, such as a mobile phone, we can’t possible hope to know the directionality of the transmitter from a moving point, so we use non-directional transmitters, and therefore our FSPL is defined as:

$$FSPL=(\frac{4\pi d}{\lambda }{)}^2=(\frac{4\pi dv}{c}{)}^2$$

Extra

Hata Model (for 150-1500MHz)